亚洲各国纷纷给楼市降温
金融时报》 凯文•布朗 新加坡报道Singapore yesterday moved to cool its property market for the third time in a year, amid worries that low interest rates and rapid economic growth are generating a bubble in much of Asia. | 由于担心低利率和经济快速增长正在亚洲许多地方引起泡沫，新加坡昨天采取行动，一年内第三次为其房地产市场降温。 |
The island state’s announcement follows similar moves by Hong Kong, Australia and China. | 在这个岛国发布公告前，香港、澳大利亚和中国也采取了类似行动。 |
South Korea, however, said at the weekend that it wanted to boost its property market to shore up the troubled construction industry. The government eased mortgage lending rules for low-income home buyers and extended tax breaks. | 然而，韩国在周末表示，将提振其房地产市场，以支持困境中的建筑业。当地政府放松了低收入家庭的按揭贷款规定，并提供减免税优惠。 |
Singapore’s action follows concern about the role of speculators in a 38 per cent rise in average private residential prices for the year to June 30. This took price levels above the previous peak in June 1996. | 在截至6月30日的一年中，新加坡私人住房平均价格上涨38%，超过在1996年6月时达到的此前最高点。新加坡担心“炒楼客”推高了房价，因此推出最新举措。 |
The government said it would impose a 3 per cent tax on resales within three years, up from a previous one-year period. It also raised the minimum required deposit on second homes from 20 per cent to 30 per cent of the purchase price. | 新加坡政府表示，将对三年内的房屋转售征税3%，而先前这个期限为一年。同时，它将二套房最低首付要求从购房价格的20%提高到了30%。 |
Analysts said the authorities appeared most concerned about the affordability of government-built flats, which provide homes for about four-fifths of Singaporeans. The Housing Development Board resale price index, which tracks sales of these properties, rose 4.1 per cent in the three months to June. | 分析师表示，政府似乎最为担心的是人们是否负担得起由政府兴建的公寓——约五分之四的新加坡人住在这样的公寓中。在截至6月的三个月中，追踪这些房地产销售情况的新加坡建筑发展局(Housing Development Board)“转售价格指数”上涨了4.1%。 |
Chua Yang Liang, head of south-east Asia research at Jones Lang LaSalle, a consultancy, predicted that quarterly price growth would slow to 1-2 per cent for public sector resale properties, and 2-3 per cent for private homes. | 咨询公司仲量联行(Jones Lang LaSalle)东南亚研究负责人蔡炎亮(Chua Yang Liang)预计，公屋转售的季度价格增长率将放缓至1%-2%，私人住房将放缓至2%-3%。 |
Lien Hsien Loong, the prime minister, said that Singapore’s objective was “to make sure [that] in the long term Singaporeans can own their homes and afford [them], and it will be a gradually appreciating asset”. | 新加坡总理李显龙(Lien Hsien Loong)表示，新加坡的目标是“确保长期来看，新加坡人能拥有自己的住房，供得起（这些住房），而且房子将成为一种逐渐升值的资产。” |
The ruling People’s Action party is expected to call an early election within six months to capitalise on the country’s recovery from the global financial crisis. | 执政的人民行动党预期将在6个月内要求提前选举，在新加坡从全球金融危机中复苏后“趁热打铁”。 |
Hong Kong raised minimum deposits for upmarket properties earlier this month and released additional land for development following price rises of about 45 per cent since January 2009. | 在香港，房地产价格自2009年1月以来已经上涨了约45%。本月早些时候当地政府提高了高档房地产最低首付款比例，并释出额外土地用于开发。 |
In April, Australia reinstated restrictions on foreign investment in residential property, following months of complaints that foreigners were pushing up prices. | 澳大利亚在4月份恢复了对外国人投资于对居住性房地产的限制。之前数月里，许多澳大利亚人抱怨是外国人推高了房价。 |
China’s efforts to cool its property market are probably the toughest, but they also include scope for flexibility at the local level where the rules are enforced. | 中国给房地产市场降温的措施或许是最强硬的，不过在地方层面，这些措施的执行有一定的灵活空间。 |
The general view is that Beijing will keep its policy measures in place until there are clear signs that prices have fallen, partly because it would lose credibility if it reversed its stance too soon. | 总的看法是，在有明确迹象显示价格出现下跌前，中国政府将保持其政策措施不变，部分是因为，太快逆转立场可能会导致政府失去信用。 |
Some developers have predicted efforts to cool the market, such as a property tax, if prices fail to drop. Xia Bin, an adviser to the Chinese central bank, said at the weekend that policy would not be relaxed in the short term. | 一些开发商预计，如果价格不下跌，那中国政府将推出如物业税这样的措施来给市场降温。中国央行顾问夏斌周末表示，短期内中国楼市政策不会放松。 |
Additional reporting by Song Jung-a in Seoul, Geoff Dyer in Beijing and Peter Smith in Sydney | |
英国《金融时报》宋京雅(Song Jung-a)首尔、杰夫•代尔(Geoff Dyer)北京、彼得•史密斯(Peter Smith)悉尼补充报道 | |
译者/李裕 |
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