2013年5月27日 星期一

"敢言"的橋下徹 Toru Hashimoto / 日本維新會


新聞報導橋下徹:各國軍隊“都曾需要女人”日本大阪市長橋下徹本週一對外宣布,他本人願意收回建議美軍為避免性犯罪而應利用日本色情場所的言論。但同時堅持日本軍隊二戰時期需要慰安婦的說法。(德國之聲中文網)日本維新會共同黨首橋下徹表示,兩週前的言論是出於美軍性侵犯日本沖繩平民所帶來的"危機感",沖繩地區駐紮著大量美軍士兵。橋下徹在東京外國記者俱樂部組織的一個新聞發布會上表示:"我明白我說的話可能會被理解成對美軍和美國人民的侮辱。""硬漢們的性衝動"橋下徹兩週前在記者面前關於日本戰時對慰安婦的需要以及現代性服務的表態引起了廣泛關注。這也加大了飽受日本戰爭摧殘的鄰國的不滿,他們抱怨日本對戰爭時期犯下的暴行缺乏贖罪的誠意。



橋下徹於5月13日考察沖繩島南部時向美軍軍官提出建議,讓駐紮在那裡的士兵應該"更好地利用"當地合法的性產業。他說:"如果你不利用好這些地方,你就無法掌控這些硬漢們的性衝動。"他當時還表示,日本戰時強迫韓國、中國等亞洲國家女性成為慰安婦的做法是出於維持軍紀、讓軍人放鬆的需要。橋下徹對上述表態沒有給予道歉,但是他表示,使用所謂的慰安婦的做法是一種"侵犯人尊嚴和婦女人權的不可原諒的行為。這其中包括大量韓國及日本女性。"世界各國的軍隊"看上去都曾需要女人"他還表示,報導中關於他"慰安婦"制度有必要的表態被斷章取義。他想說的是,戰爭的歷史表明,世界各國的軍隊"看上去都曾需要女人",所以也在戰時侵犯了婦女權益。他在承認日本犯下了錯誤的同時,指出二戰期間美國、英國、法國、德國以及前蘇聯軍隊也曾有類似的問題。橋下徹在最新發布的一份聲明中表示:"基於日本必須帶著負疚的心情面對歷史罪行、決不能為自己開脫的前提之下,我覺得世界上其他國家不應該僅僅指責日本,或者把'性奴'及'性奴役'僅僅與日本掛鉤的做法來給這件事情定性。"



歷史學家們表示,有高達20萬名大部分來自朝鮮半島以及中國的女性曾被迫在日本軍中的妓院裡向日本士兵提供性服務。的確,其他參與二戰國家的軍隊也設有妓院,但日本是唯一一個被指責為廣泛而有組織地對女性採取性奴役的國家。"敢言"的橋下徹今年43歲的橋下徹近年來以敢言著稱。去年,他領導的保守派維新會與民族主義者石原慎太郎的太陽黨合併。後者現在是日本議會中的在野黨。日本首相安倍晉三於去年12月份上任前主張修改一份時任內閣官房長官河野洋平1993年就日本強徵隨軍"慰安婦"道歉的"河野談話"。但安倍最近又表示,他支持"河野談話",不會對其加以修改。綜合報導:任琛(美聯社)責編:李魚




 In a picture taken on September 9, 2012, Osaka Mayor Toru Hashimoto speaks at a policy debate to establish the new national party 'Nippon Ishin no Kai (Japan Restoration Association)' in Osaka. Seven lawmakers were set to announce their intention on September 11 to join the new party being formed by populist Osaka Mayor Toru Hashimoto, a man seen as possible kingmaker in the next general election. AFP PHOTO / Jiji Press JAPAN OUT (Photo credit should read TORU YAMANAKA/AFP/GettyImages)

新闻报道

桥下彻:各国军队“都曾需要女人”

日本大阪市长桥下彻本周一对外宣布,他本人愿意收回建议美军为避免性犯罪而应利用日本色情场所的言论。但同时坚持日本军队二战时期需要慰安妇的说法。
(德国之声中文网)日本维新会共同党首桥下彻表示,两周前的言论是出于美军性侵犯日本冲绳平民所带来的"危机感",冲绳地区驻扎着大量美军士兵。
桥下彻在东京外国记者俱乐部组织的一个新闻发布会上表示:"我明白我说的话可能会被理解成对美军和美国人民的侮辱。"
"硬汉们的性冲动"
桥下彻两周前在记者面前关于日本战时对慰安妇的需要以及现代性服务的表态引起了广泛关注。这也加大了饱受日本战争摧残的邻国的不满,他们抱怨日本对战争时期犯下的暴行缺乏赎罪的诚意。
FILE - In this Feb. 12, 2007 file photo, Marine Corps helicopters and transport planes are seen on a tarmac of Futenma Marine Corps Air Station next to residential quarters in Okinawa, Japan. The top American defense official says he expects the U.S. Marine base to remain on Japan's southern island of Okinawa despite political pressure among Tokyo's new leaders to shut it down. U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates was to meet Tuesday, Oct. 20, 2009, with Japanese Foreign Minister Katsuya Okada on a visit to Tokyo where the Futenma base was expected to be a top topic. (AP Photo/Itsuo Inouye, File) 美国驻日本冲绳岛军事基地FILE - In this Feb. 12, 2007 file photo, Marine Corps helicopters and transport planes are seen on a tarmac of Futenma Marine Corps Air Station next to residential quarters in Okinawa, Japan. The top American defense official says he expects the US Marine base to remain on Japan's southern island of Okinawa despite political pressure among Tokyo's new leaders to shut it down. US Defense Secretary Robert Gates was to meet Tuesday, Oct. 20, 2009, with Japanese Foreign Minister Katsuya Okada on a visit to Tokyo where the Futenma base was expected to be a top topic. (AP Photo/Itsuo Inouye, File) 美國駐日本沖繩島軍事基地
桥下彻于5月13日考察冲绳岛南部时向美军军官提出建议,让驻扎在那里的士兵应该"更好地利用"当地合法的性产业。他说:"如果你不利用好这些地方,你就无法掌控这些硬汉们的性冲动。"
他当时还表示,日本战时强迫韩国、中国等亚洲国家女性成为慰安妇的做法是出于维持军纪、让军人放松的需要。
桥下彻对上述表态没有给予道歉,但是他表示,使用所谓的慰安妇的做法是一种"侵犯人尊严和妇女人权的不可原谅的行为。这其中包括大量韩国及日本女性。"
世界各国的军队"看上去都曾需要女人"
他还表示,报道中关于他"慰安妇"制度有必要的表态被断章取义。他想说的是,战争的历史表明,世界各国的军队"看上去都曾需要女人",所以也在战时侵犯了妇女权益。
他在承认日本犯下了错误的同时,指出二战期间美国、英国、法国、德国以及前苏联军队也曾有类似的问题。
桥下彻在最新发布的一份声明中表示:"基于日本必须带着负疚的心情面对历史罪行、决不能为自己开脱的前提之下,我觉得世界上其他国家不应该仅仅指责日本,或者把'性奴'及'性奴役'仅仅与日本挂钩的做法来给这件事情定性。"
South Koreans, Kim Bok-dong, 87, center right, and Gil Wen-oak, 84, center left, who were forced to serve for the Japanese Army as sexual slaves, so called comfort women, during World War II, shout slogan with their supporters in an anti-Japan protest against the Japanese lawmakers' visit to the Yasukuni Shrine, in front of the Japanese Embassy in Seoul, South Korea Wednesday, April 24, 2013. Visits by Japanese Cabinet ministers and lawmakers to the shrine honoring Japan's war dead, including 14 World War II leaders convicted of atrocities, signal Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's determination to pursue a more nationalist agenda after months of focusing on the economy. The Korean read Disclose the truth, Official apology and compensation and punish the criminal. (AP Photo/Kin Cheung)
韩国当年的“慰安妇”抗议日本首相参拜靖国神社(2013年4月24日)South Koreans, Kim Bok-dong, 87, center right, and Gil Wen-oak, 84, center left, who were forced to serve for the Japanese Army as sexual slaves, so called comfort women, during World War II, shout slogan with their supporters in an anti-Japan protest against the Japanese lawmakers' visit to the Yasukuni Shrine, in front of the Japanese Embassy in Seoul, South Korea Wednesday, April 24, 2013. Visits by Japanese Cabinet ministers and lawmakers to the shrine honoring Japan's war dead, including 14 World War II leaders convicted of atrocities, signal Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's determination to pursue a more nationalist agenda after months of focusing on the economy. The Korean read Disclose the truth, Official apology and compensation and punish the criminal. ( AP Photo/Kin Cheung) 韓國當年的“慰安婦”抗議日本首相參拜靖國神社(2013年4月24日)
历史学家们表示,有高达20万名大部分来自朝鲜半岛以及中国的女性曾被迫在日本军中的妓院里向日本士兵提供性服务。的确,其他参与二战国家的军队也设有妓院,但日本是唯一一个被指责为广泛而有组织地对女性采取性奴役的国家。
"敢言"的桥下彻
今年43岁的桥下彻近年来以敢言著称。去年,他领导的保守派维新会与民族主义者石原慎太郎的太阳党合并。后者现在是日本议会中的在野党。
日本首相安倍晋三于去年12月份上任前主张修改一份时任内阁官房长官河野洋平1993年就日本强征随军"慰安妇"道歉的"河野谈话"。但安倍最近又表示,他支持"河野谈话",不会对其加以修改。
综合报道:任琛(美联社)
责编:李鱼



*****有趣的媒體 我昨天看日經新聞中文版有關於橋下徹 Toru Hashimoto 的報導
今天似乎自我檢查掉....待考

日本維新會在參議院選舉所受期待急劇下降

2013/05/27
 

    日本經濟新聞(中文版:日經中文網)的民意調查顯示,日本維新會受到的支持明顯下滑。就日本夏季參議院選舉中希望投票的政黨這一提問,回答將投給日本維 新會的受訪者僅佔3%,相比4月的調查暴跌6個百分點。有分析認為,該黨共同代表、大阪市長橋下徹有關舊日本軍隊強徵隨軍慰安婦的言論仍在持續發酵。而表 示投給自民黨的為47%,仍保持較高水平,但懸而未決的修憲和核電站重啟等問題仍面臨嚴重分歧。

   受橋下徹有關隨軍慰安婦的言論影響,關於對日本維新會的期待是否已經改變這一問題,回答「期待已經減弱」的受訪者佔23%。回答「沒有特別改變」的佔33%,回答「原本就沒有期待」佔35%,而回答「期待有所提高」的僅佔2%。

    對日本維新會期待的降低,在關於參議院選舉投票對象的問題上尤為明顯。今年1月以後,在參議院選舉投票對象方面,日本維新會僅次於自民黨,位居第2位,而 在此次的調查中,則落後於民主黨和公明黨,與「大家的黨」並列第4位。在政黨支持率方面,日本維新會也比4月下降2個百分點,下滑至3%。

     在此前回答稱願意在參議院選舉中投票給日本維新會的人中,除了日本維新會支持者之外,很多都是無黨派階層。而此次無黨派階層回答將投票給維新會的人僅佔2%,相比4月的9%下降7個百分點。

     不過,其他在野黨並未成為拋棄日本維新會的無黨派階層的選擇對象。在投票對象方面,民主黨下降1個百分點,至6%,而「大家的黨」則下降2個百分點,至3%,均表現低迷。關於無黨派階層的投票對象,稱「尚未確定」的增加了6個百分點。

     在投票對象方面保持首位的自民黨的政黨支持率仍然高達54%,依然保持較高水平。不過,安倍晉三有意推動的課題和國民期望仍然存在鴻溝。

       此次調查由日經調查公司以除福島縣一部分地區之外的日本全國成年男女為對象,以隨機撥號(RDD)方式通過電話實施。在有選民的1447個家庭中,921戶接受了調查。參與率為63.6%。

*****紐約時報

Japanese Politician Tries to Calm Furor Over Wartime Brothels

大阪市長為「慰安婦」言論辯解

TOKYO — Seeking to quell an uproar over recent suggestions that sexual slavery was a necessary evil in Japan’s imperial past, a populist party leader said Monday that his comments were not meant to justify wartime brothels or deny the women’s suffering at the hands of Japanese soldiers.
東京——為了平息一場因近來言論起的喧囂,日本一個民粹主義政黨的領袖在周一稱,提出性奴役是日本帝國史上必要的邪惡,不是為了替戰時慰安所作辯護,也不是為了否認女性日本士兵蹂躪所遭受的痛苦。
But Toru Hashimoto, who heads the opposition Japan Restoration Association and is mayor of Osaka, Japan’s third-largest city, also argued that Japan was being unfairly singled out for its use of so-called comfort women and that other nations needed to examine the mistreatment of women by their own militaries before pointing the finger at Tokyo.
但反對派日本維新會(Japan Restoration Association)的黨魁、日本第三大城市大阪市市長橋下徹(Toru Hashimoto)還說,日本被不公平地挑出來,背上了使用所謂慰安婦的罪名,而其他國家在指責東京前,應該檢查他們自己軍隊對女性的侵犯。
“We must express our deep remorse at the violation of the human rights of these women by Japanese soldiers in the past, and make our apology to the women,” Mr. Hashimoto said. But he added, “It is not a fair attitude to blame only Japan, as if the violation of man rights of women by soldiers were a problem unique to Japanese soldiers.”
橋下徹說,「我們必須對日本士兵侵犯女性人權的行為表示深切的悔意,並向這些女性道歉。」但他又補充道,「但只譴責日本是不公平的,好像士兵侵犯女性人權是日本士兵獨有的問題。」
The conduct of the Japanese military in Asia before and during World War II remains a highly charged topic between Japan and its neighbors, who say Tokyo has not properly atoned for its history of wartime atrocities, and those like Mr. Hashimoto who feel that Japan has been demonized.
日本軍隊二戰前和二戰期間在亞洲的行為,在日本和其鄰國之間仍是具有高度爭議的話題,鄰國稱東京方面沒有對日本的戰時暴行徹底贖罪,而橋下徹等一些人則認為日本被妖魔化。
Some historians estimate that 200,000 women were rounded up from across Asia to work as comfort women for the Japanese Army. Other historians put that number in the tens of thousands and say they served of their own will. Japan formally apologized to the comfort women in 1993.
一些歷史學家估計,日本軍方從亞洲各地召集了20萬女性,讓她們為日軍提供性服務。其他一些歷史學家估計這一人數只有數萬,並稱這些女性都是自願的。日本在1993年正式為慰安婦一事道歉。
But Mr. Hashimoto charged that the United States, Britain, France, Germany, and the former Soviet Union were guilty of similar violations of women’s rights in World War II.
橋下徹指控美國、英國、法國、德國以及前蘇聯都在二戰中犯下了侵犯女性權利的類似罪行。
He also stood by an assertion shared by many Japanese, as well as Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, that there was no evidence to suggest that Japan’s wartime government directly forced these women to serve in the brothels. He brushed aside testimony to the contrary from a number of former comfort women as unreliable.
他還和很多日本民眾以及日本首相安倍晉三(Shinzo Abe)一樣堅持認為,沒有證據表明日本的戰時政府直接強迫這些女性當慰安婦。他漠視一些前慰安婦的證詞,稱其並不可信。
Mr. Hashimoto’s comments followed those of a string of Japanese politicians who have recently challenged what they say is a distorted view of Japan’s wartime history. Last month, Mr. Abe seemed to question whether Japan was the aggressor during the war, saying the definition of ‘'invasion'’ was relative.
在橋下徹發表此番言論之前,一系列日本政治人士也在最近挑戰他們稱之為扭曲的日本戰史觀。上月,安倍晉三似乎對日本在戰爭期間是否是侵略者提出質疑,他說「入侵」一詞的定義是相對的。
But even Mr. Abe and his cabinet, have distanced themselves from Mr. Hashimoto in recent weeks as tried to correct what he believes is an erroneous view of Japan’s wartime history.
但在最近幾周,當橋下徹試圖糾正他所認為的對日本戰爭史的錯誤看法時,就連安倍晉三及其內閣都與橋下徹拉開距離。

Mr. Hashimoto’s rants — sometimes in the form of an outpouring of dozens of tweets — have sparked furor from human rights groups here and alienated much of the public. A recent survey of 1,550 households by the Mainichi Shimbun newspaper showed 71 percent of respondents called Mr. Hashimoto’s comments “inappropriate,” compared with 21 percent who said the comments were “appropriate.”
橋下徹的狂言——有時是以幾十條推文的形 式一泄而出——激起了當地人權組織的憤怒,而且與公眾的情緒格格不入。《每日新聞》(Mainichi Shimbun)在最近對1550個家庭進行的調查發現,71%的受訪者稱橋下徹的言論是「不適當的」,只有21%的人說他的話是「適當的」。

Mr. Hashimoto’s speech Monday to overseas journalists at the Foreign Correspondents’ Club of Japan was as much a plea to domestic voters before parliamentary elections this summer as it was an attempt to reach out to global public opinion.
橋下徹周一在日本外國記者協會(Foreign Correspondents』 Club of Japan)對海外記者的講話,既是他在今夏國會選舉前對國內選民發出的呼喚,也是他為爭取國際輿論而做出的嘗試。
Recent ratings for Mr. Hashimoto, who was once seen as a possible contender for prime minister, have plummeted, and a smaller party has called off plans to cooperate in the coming elections, citing his remarks on women.
橋下徹在最近的民意調查中一落千丈,而之前他一度被看做首相之位的潛在競爭者。一個更小的黨派因為他有關女性的言論而取消了與其黨在未來競選中的合作計劃。
During his speech Monday, Mr. Hashimoto apologized for suggesting to a senior American military official stationed on the island of Okinawa that United States troops at bases there should make more use of the local adult entertainment industry to reduce sexual crimes against local women.
在周一的講話中,橋下徹對他的另一言論表示歉意。他曾向駐在沖繩島的一名美國高級軍官提議,駐紮該島基地的美國軍隊應該更好地利用當地的成人娛樂業,以減少對當地女性的侵犯。

“That was not what I meant. My real intention was to prevent a mere handful of American soldiers from committing crimes,” Mr. Hashimoto said. “In attempting to act on my strong commitment to solving the problem in Okinawa stemming from crimes committed by a minority of U.S. soldiers, I made an inappropriate remark.”
「我不是那個意思。我真正的意思是為了防止少數的美國士兵犯罪,」橋下徹說。「沖繩島的問題來自少數美國士兵的罪行,為了表達我解決這一問題的強烈決心,我說了不適當的話。」

Still, Mr. Hashimoto did not shy away from delving into his interpretation of the comfort woman experience.
然而,橋下徹還是沒有迴避他對慰安婦問題的理解。
Many wartime brothels were run not by Japanese, but by local brokers on the Korean Peninsula and elsewhere. And though some brothels were run by Japan’s wartime military, its main task was to prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases for the sake of the women, he said.
很多戰時的慰安所並不是由日本人經營,而是由朝鮮半島和其他地方的當地掮客經營。他說,儘管一些慰安所是由日本軍隊經營,但其主要目的是為了防止性病的傳播,這是為了女性着想。
He stressed that while Japanese military boats and trucks were used to transport women to the brothels, authorities themselves were not deeply involved in the coercion of women. He said he did not believe Japan’s actions at the time amounted to human trafficking.
他強調,儘管日本的軍船和軍車曾把女性運到慰安所,但日本官方並沒有在很大程度上涉及對女性的逼迫。他說,他認為日本在當時的行為夠不上是人口販賣。

Banri Kaieda, who leads the opposition Democratic Party, advised Mr. Hashimoto to stop talking before he made the situation even worse.
反對黨民主黨主席海江田萬里(Banri Kaieda)建議橋下徹停止發表言論,否則他會讓情況進一步惡化。
“There is a Chinese saying, ‘You cannot wrap a fire with paper,’” Mr. Kaieda said at a news conference. With Mr. Hashimoto, he said, “It’s as if he is trying to wrap it with oil instead.”
海江田萬里在新聞發佈會上說,「中國有一句話叫『紙包不住火』」。至於橋下徹,「他似乎是想用油來包住火。」

翻譯:陶夢縈

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